Science

Model

The Concept

Physical Science

Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727)
and
The Mechanical Model of Universe.

Cosmos consists of matter in motion. There is an inviolable law behind the working of the cosmos that every thing right from elementary atoms to the galaxies obeys them. We can predict the state of the cosmic to the very detail if we can understand these rules. Once the rules are known, given any state of the cosmos at any particular instant, its state at any other time can be exactly and completely predicted. Since God is the creator of the cosmos and since God is the one who subjected the cosmos under the laws, God not only can know (Foreknowledge) but has actually Ordained and Predestined everything even before the creation of the universe. Newtonian physics does something else as well. It externalizes time. Time becomes a coordinate with which to measure things; it's taken away from the events that are taking place in time. Time became a coordinate normal to space. It exists beyond matter and events. So a God who is beyond time could see time from beginning to end as on a graph. The predominant mechanistic view of nature is not restricted to science alone. It is not only reflected in religion but also in all spheres of human endeavor. It becomes the philosophy of the age. Human mind can understand only in terms of similarities and differences. There is nothing new under the sun. Special relativity's time as a fourth dimension only enhanced this concept. But the unity of time and space do give problems to the classical Newtonian concept as it does to Calvinian concept of God.

Biological and Genetic Sciences

 Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
and

Biological Evolution

 The next step in this philosophical development came with the Theory of Evolution as proposed by Darwin. He tried to explain changes or movement as a necessity imposed on organism by their environment. In order to survive they adopted to their surroundings by the force of natural laws. He actually gave the organism a mind to vary and that intelligently without intelligence. If they changed intelligently by developing complicated systems it was simply a natural law. The development of genetic science evolved to explain the absolutes behind the reality in terms of the genes. What happens is simply the rearrangement of the genes. By a manipulation of dominant genes and dormant genes and probability calculation even the evolutionary changes were brought under absolutes.

When biologists talk about dividing the world into the organism and the environment, we have to reply that there is a very intimate interpenetration of organism and environment. Organisms transform their environment, they define their environment, they create environments, and they are environments for each other. Each part of the organism is environment for other parts, and so on. By looking at the interpenetration of these objects we get a much more profound understanding of the world than by making a separation. If a true understanding of the cosmos and its relation to God is to be understood it must be as an interaction and not as something simply predetermined and work like a clock. But when God is outside of this equation this will not be acceptable. Even the coming of God into history has become meaningless when it serves no specific purpose. He refuses to react with the environment by refusing to form part of the whole.

History and Culture

George W. F. Hegel (1770-1831)

Dialectics of Mind

 For Hegel in true classical fashion of philosophy considers that only the mind is real. All other external realities are constructs of the mind. We cannot control history or culture. Hence we have no responsibility. The mind is simply in control and we follow it.

Economics and Social Sciences

Karl Marx (1818-1883)

Dialectical
and
Historical
Materialism

Karl Marx put Hegel upside down and considers that matter and motion are the only realities. Matter proceeds in dialectical fashion, starting with a thesis developing within it an antithesis and a synthesis emerges and the whole process repeats itself. He applied his dialectical materialism to history and developed his Historical Materialism to explain history and human development. He explained the development of history through Primitive Communism to Feudalism to Capitalism through the dialectics of class struggle. We cannot determine our class. But our class determines our character, behavior and state.

Like Christians, Marx believed that history is predestined in its course of development (not by virtue of God’s predestination – but virtue of the direction of dialectics within capitalism) to be a Casteless Classless Society (Marxian Heaven). Nothing can prevent it from being realized. On the other hand every person can cooperate in bringing it into existence sooner. We can delay its appearance by opposing it and can hasten it by supporting it.

One can see why I consider Marxism as a Christian heresy. It also explains why Marxism is powerful in Christian dominated areas of the third world.

Psychology

Sigmund Freud(185-1939)

Sigmund Freud extended this mechanical model to the field of Psychology. According to Freud subconscious mind controls everything. We cannot directly control the sub conscious. But it controls us totally. The main force which controls the subconscious is libido the sex energy (in Hinduism this theory is called Kundalini)

Behaviorism

B. F. Skinner (1904- )

Skinner applied the same principles to human behavior. We are conditioned by our environment to behave in a certain way to our external stimuli. We are thus fully controlled and formed by our environment. Freedom in its absolute sense does not exist, as we cannot control our environment enough to make any effect to feed back on our behavior.